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In quantum information and quantum computing, a cluster state is a type of highly entangled state of multiple qubits. Cluster states are generated in lattices of qubits with Ising type interactions. A cluster ''C'' is a connected subset of a d-dimensional lattice, and a cluster state is a pure state of the qubits located on ''C''. They are different from other types of entangled states such as GHZ states or W states because it is more difficult to eliminate quantum entanglement (via projective measurements) in the case of cluster states. Another way of thinking of cluster states is as a particular instance of graph states, where the underlying graph is a connected subset of a d-dimensional lattice. Cluster states are especially useful in the context of the one-way quantum computer. Formally a cluster state is a state which obeys the set eigenvalue equations: : where : with denoting the neighbourhood of . == See also == * Bell state * Graph state 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「cluster state」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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